标题：人教版高中英语必修一 UNIT5 知识要点1

内容：
UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD(主题语境：人与社会——世界上的语言)课前自主预习KE QIAN ZI ZHU YU XIⅠ.

单词巧练写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇(一)重点词汇—我会写1．_billion__ n．十亿2．_attitude__ n．态度；看法3．_system__ n．体系；制度；系统4．_despite__ prep.

即使；尽管5．_factor__ n．因素；要素6．_bone__ n．骨头；骨(质)7．_symbol__ n．符号；象征8．_means__ n．方式；方法；途径9．_regard__ n．尊重；关注vt.

把……视为；看待10．_affair__ n．公共事务；事件；关系11．_struggle__ n．& vi.

斗争；奋斗；搏斗12．_apartment__ n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房13．_beg__ vt.

恳求；祈求；哀求14．_vocabulary__ n．词汇(二)阅读词汇—我会认1．native adj．_出生地的；本地的；土著的__n．_本地人__2．shell n．_壳；壳状物__3．carve vt.

& vi．_雕刻__4．dynasty n．_王朝；朝代__5．dialect n．_地方话；方言__6．classic adj．_传统的；最优秀的；典型的__n．_经典作品；名著__7．calligraphy n．_书法；书法艺术__8．specific adj．_特定的；明确的；具体的__9．CE _公元__10．tongue n．_舌头；语言__11．semester n．_学期__12．gas n．_汽油；气体，燃气__13．petrol n．(NAmE gas) _汽油__14．subway n．_地铁__15．pants n．[pl.

](BrE) _内裤；短裤__；(especially NAmE) _裤子__16．gap n．_间隔；开口；差距__(三)拓展词汇—我会变1．refer vi.

提到；参考；查阅vt.

查询；叫……求助于→ _reference__ n．言及；提及；参考；查阅2．based adj.

以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→ _base__ vt.

以……为据点；以……为基础n.

底部；根据→ _basic__ adj.

基本的；基础的3．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→ _various__ adj.

不同的；各种各样的→ _vary__ vt.

& vi.

使不同；变化4．major adj.

主要的；重要的；大的n.

主修课程；主修学生vi.

主修；专门研究→ _majority__ n．大多数；大半→ _minority__ n．少数5．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→ _characteristic__ n．特征；特性6．global adj.

全球的；全世界的→ _globe__ n．球体；地球仪；地球7．appreciate vt.

欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.

增值→ _appreciation__ n．欣赏；感激；感谢8．equal n．同等的人；相等物adj.

相同的；同样的→ _equally__ adv.

相等地→ _equality__ n．同等；平等9．demand n．要求；需求vt.

强烈要求；需要vi.

查问→ _demanding__ adj.

(工作)苛求的；费力的10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→ _describe__ vt.

描述11．relate v．联系；讲述→ _related__ adj.

有关的；有联系的→ _relation__ n．关系；亲戚→ _relative__ n．亲戚adj.

相对的→ _relativity__ n．相对性1．(2021·全国新高考I卷)What is the author’s attitude _to/towards__ the popularization of emotional intelligence?

2．(2020·江苏卷)The health security _systems__(system) of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation.

3．(2021·全国甲卷)And the more we look, the more we will see that social _factors__(factor)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.

4．(2020·全国卷I)“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it _means__(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.

”5．(2021·全国新高考I卷)However, most people don’t regard pronunciation _as__ a very important part of communication skills.

6．(2021·3月天津卷)After _struggling__ (struggle)for quite a while, I made a difficult decision—leaving my job and studying my design course full time.

7．(2020·山东卷)Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural _references__(reference), making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes.

8．(2020·全国卷I)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is _based__(base) on our present mental register.

9．(2020·天津卷)Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the _various__(vary) food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.

10．(2020·全国卷II)The farm is situated at the foot of a mountain, the sky is blue and the air is fresh.

We were attracted by the beautiful scenery.

There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as a variety _of__ animals.

11．(2020·浙江卷)A few _characters__(character) are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme.

12．(2021·全国甲卷)In a wired world with constant _global__ (globe)communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.

13．(2020·全国卷III)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with _appreciation__(appreciate)．14．(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), _demanding__(demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.

15．(2020·山东卷)Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid _description__(describe) of the purest of Central Asian traditions.

16．(2019·全国卷II)Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are _equally__(equal) funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.

17．(2019·江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries recognizing its role in international _affairs__(affair).

联想积累：1．单复数意义不同的名词小结①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)③paper(纸)→papers(文件)④art(艺术)→arts(文科)⑤short(短片)→shorts(短裤；内裤)⑥mean(折中；平均数)→means(方式；方法；途径)2．表示“主要的；重要的”的形容词荟萃①major　　 主要的；重要的②main 　　　　 主要的③primary 　　　　 主要的；首要的④chief 　　　　 首要的；主要的⑤leading 　　　　 重要的，首位的⑥vital 　　　　 极其重要的⑦significant 　　　　 重要的3．“感谢；感激”家族记心间①grateful adj．　　　　 感激的gratitude n．　　　　 感激②appreciate v．　　　　 感激；感谢appreciation n．　　　　 感激③thank v．　　　　 感谢thanks n．　　　　 感谢thankful adj．　　　　 感激的Ⅱ．短语巧练写准并记牢高考与教材1．_refer to__指的是；描述；提到；查阅2．_be known for.

..

__因……而闻名3．_ups and downs__浮沉；兴衰；荣辱4．_at the beginning__起初5．_date back to__追溯到6．_lead to__导致7．_be of importance__重要的8．_no matter where/who/what.

..

__不论在哪里/谁/什么……；不管……9．_be connected with.

..

__与……有联系/关联10．_see.

..

as.

..

__把……看作……11．_play a role in.

..

__在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用12．_a number of__许多；大量13．_point of view__观点；看法14．_fight for.

..

__为争取……而斗争15．_give up__放弃16．_used to do sth.

__过去常常做某事17．_have trouble with sth.

__在某方面有困难18．_depend on__依靠；依赖19．_relate to.

..

__与……相关；涉及；谈到20．_introduce sb.

to sb.

__把某人介绍给某人1．(2020·全国卷I)What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 _refer to__？

2．(2021·全国乙卷) _At the beginning__ of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash.

3．(2020·浙江卷)These lights, known as adaptive signals, _have led to__ significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.

4．(2020·天津卷)For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but _no matter how__ hard I tried, I was always the neglected(被忽略的) one.

5．(2020·山东卷)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something disturbing happening around his home.

A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away _a number of__ birds.

6．(2020·天津卷)I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I _used to__ think.

7．(2021·3月天津卷)Students are encouraged to take control of their own learning, rather than just _depending on__ the teacher.

联想积累：1．常见be of＋抽象名词的短语①be of＋(age)表示年龄②be of＋(size)表示大小③be of＋(color)表示颜色④be of＋(weight)表示重量⑤be of＋(height)表示高度⑥be of＋(price)表示价格⑦be of＋(opinion)表示意见⑧be of＋(shape)表示形状2．常见“把……看作”的短语①treat.

..

as　　　　　 ②look on.

..

as③regard.

..

as　　　　　 ④consider.

..

as⑤see.

..

as　　　　　 ⑥think of.

..

as⑦view.

..

as　　　　　 ⑧take.

..

as⑨count.

..

as3．“引起；导致”有因有果①contribute to 导致；有助于②lead to 引起；导致；造成③result in 导致；造成④bring about 引起；导致；造成⑤cause 引起；造成⑥result from 起因于Ⅲ．经典句型写准并记牢高考与教材1.

“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.

它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人把符号刻在动物骨头和贝壳上。

(教材P62)2．It was a time when.

..

这/那是一个……的时期Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.

多年来，由于人们在地理上被分隔开，这个书写体系发展成了不同的形式，方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。

(教材P62)3．“be of＋抽象名词”结构That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.

该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化都具有极大的重要性。

(教材P62)4．no matter where/how/what/when.

..

不论……；不管……Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.

即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。

(教材P62)5．listen to sb.

doing sth.

When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words.

当我听视频里的以英语为母语者说英语的时候，我只能听懂几个单词。

(教材P66)1．(2021·3月天津卷) 威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。

William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes _from which__ we can learn without repeating them.

2．(2019·全国卷II) 曾经有一段时间，人们可能会因为要个人的桌位而感到尴尬，但那些日子已经过去了。

There was _a time when__ people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.

3．(2020·全国卷I)月球的远端能引起科学家的特殊兴趣，因为月球上有很多深的环形山，比我们熟悉的近端更甚。

The far side of the moon is _of particular interest__ to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so than the familiar near side.

4．(2021·3月天津卷) Jordan 说不管结局如何，都要从希望开始。

Jordan said that _no matter how__ it ends, it starts with hope.

5．(2020·江苏卷)当谈到面对面的幽默时，努力是很重要的。

当人们看到你试图搞笑时，他们就可以自由地亲自尝试了。

When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot.

When people _see you trying to be funny__， it frees them to try it themselves.

发布时间：2024-09-16 17:25:57
来源：非常易学网
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